RESUMO
Background: Leptin is product of ob gene, an adipose tissue derived hormone that plays a key role in the regulation of body fat mass by regulating appetite and metabolism while balancing energy intake and energy expenditure. The objective of the study was to evaluate possible association between serum leptin levels and Body Mass Index [BMI] of gender in adult age group. Methods: Two-hundredseventy subjects aged 2050 years were randomly selected from general population of Abbottabad. The subjects were grouped on the basis on BMI [89 normal, 92 overweight, and 89 obese]. After complete evaluation, demographic data was recorded and BMI. Non-fasting venous blood samples were drawn to measure serum leptin and serum glucose levels. The data were analysed using SPSS-15 calculating mean, percentage, independent t-test and chi-square test. Correlation and regression curve analysis wer obtained, and p and r values were calculated. Results: Serum leptin levels and differences betwee genders were significant in all body mass indices. For normal BMI group the mean values for leptin were 2.6 +/- 1.5 ?g/ml in men, and 17.3 +/- 10.2 ?g/ml for women. For Group-2 mean leptin levels in men were 9.9 +/- 6.8 ?g/ml and in women were 34.8 +/- 13.6 ?g/ml. For Group-3 BMI comprising obese subject mean values for men were 21.3 +/- 14.2 ?g/ml and for women were 48.21 +/- 21.2 ?g/ml [p<0.001]. Conclusion: A progressive increase in serum leptin concentration was observed with an increase in BMI. Significant difference between leptin concentrations in either gender was found in normal, overweight and obese subjects. Keywords: Serum leptin levels, weight gain, BMI
RESUMO
Vaginal agenesis is congenital anomaly of the female genital tract and may occur as isolated developmental defect or as part of a complex of anomalies. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of vaginoplasty by using amnion as graft in the creation of neovagina for patients with Mayor-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome. This is a retrospective study of 28 cases of vaginal agenesis associated with Mayor-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome, over the period of 20 years, in which vaginoplasty was done by modified McIndoe procedure by using amnion as graft. Vaginoplasty using amnion graft was successfully performed in all except one case in which rectum got opened and procedure was abandoned after the repair of rectum. The functional results were quite satisfactory. Except one case none had any significant peri-operative complication. Post surgical results were acceptable to the patients sexually and aesthetically. Although new techniques of vaginoplasty have evolved over the years using laparoscopic approach and by use of different materials as graft, vaginoplasty with amnion graft is still a safe and effective procedure to treat patients of vaginal agenesis. The technique is simple and safe and provides a satisfactory and functional vagina in majority of the patients